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Cars Being Stolen With Keyless Entry

If car owners place their keys on the table or near their doors, they could unknowingly allow thieves to hijack their signal. This relay attack is one of the advanced methods criminals are using to steal brand new keys from cars.

Keyless ignition vehicles emit a low-power radio signal seeking a compatible fob that can respond. If the signal is recorded and recreated, it could be used to unlock the car and start it up.

Relay Attack

Imagine your car in your driveway, and your key fob inside your home. You're sure that your car is safe, but not seen by you, sophisticated thieves are plotting an attack. Instead of slamming windows or jiggling locks, these thieves are leveraging technology to hack into cars via digital cracks in their armor. This method of stealing vehicles with keys is known as relay theft.

The keyless entry system that is found in cars is controlled by a signal sent by the car's RF transmitter to the key fob. To ensure that keyless entry is not unauthorized the RF transmitters inside the key fob and car are programmed to only activate when they're within a certain distance from each other. However, a thief can override this restriction using an attack known as the'relay attack'.

To accomplish this two people work together One stands near the car with an instrument that records a digitized version of the key fob's signal. The other, who is at the home of the owner, uses a second device to send the key fob signal back to the car stolen with keys in it. This trick tricks the car into believing that the key fob has reached the distance needed to allow it to be opened and started the vehicle.

In the past, this kind of attack required expensive equipment in order to execute. Now, you can buy a relay transmitter on the inexpensive online market and carry out an heist in a matter of minutes. This is why car thieves are enthralled by it.

While some cars are less vulnerable to this kind of theft than others, all modern vehicles with keyless entry are at risk. Researchers have examined 237 well-known cars and found that every one of them are susceptible to being replace stolen car keys through this method.

Tesla cars are said to be less vulnerable how to replace stolen car keys this type of theft, however, Tesla hasn't yet implemented UWB features that could effectively check distances on the car's signal to protect against relay attacks. The company has promised to implement this feature in the near future, but for now they are still vulnerable. Installing an anti-theft device that guards your car and your keys against these types of attacks is a proactive method to ensure the security of your vehicle.

CAN Injection Attack

Modern vehicles can defend themselves from thieves by transferring encrypted messages using the key in order to prove its authenticity. The system is believed to be secure, but thieves have found ways to get around it. They just pretend to be the smart key and send messages to the vehicle letting it unlock the doors, turn off its engine immobilizer, then let them go on their way. To do that they have access to the smart key's internal communications network.

Most cars today are equipped with between 20 and 200 electronic control units, also known as ECUs, that manage various aspects of the vehicle's operation. They communicate using the CAN bus network. These ECUs enter a low-power sleep mode to decrease their power consumption. This mode is activated when the ECUs receive an "wake up" frame. These frames are typically sent by the ECU that controls the smart key or door. However they aren't always encrypted or authenticated, which means that they can be intercepted by criminals using a cheap and basic device.

To accomplish this, they search for a location where they can connect directly to the CAN bus connection wires. They're usually hidden in the headlights or in the front of the car and are accessible by pulling the bumper and cutting holes in the headlamp assembly to expose them. The criminals then use a device called a CAN injection attacker to send fake messages which fool the security systems of the car into unlocking it and disengaging the engine immobilizer.

The devices are available through the Dark Web and work with the majority of major car manufacturers which include BMW and Cadillac, Chrysler, Fiat and Ford, Honda, Hyundai and Jeep, Lexus and Nissan, Renault and Toyota, Volkswagen and Maserati. The researchers who discovered this CAN Injection attack are recommending that all car makers address the issue in their current models, but the reality is that thieves will continue to grab whatever they can get their hands on. The best we can do is attempt to stop this from happening by installing security measures that are mechanical such as Discloks on all of our vehicles, and making sure that they're always located in areas with adequate lighting that are clearly visible to passers-by.

Jamming the Signal

In a different variation of the relay attack, thieves may employ a device to block the signal sent from a key fob when the vehicle is locked. The device could be in the pocket or hidden the location of a thief in an open parking lot or near the driveway being targeted. Owners don't check whether the vehicle is locked when they press the lock button. Instead, thieves could escape with the vehicle because the signal that normally locks the car is blocked by the device of the criminal.

They also have devices that amplify signals from the key fob to unlock vehicles. The crooks can accomplish this even if the key is in a pocket of a driver, or hanging from a hook inside the home. When the car is locked, they can use an ordinary diagnostic port or computer hackers to program the blank key fob and gain control of the vehicle.

To protect against this type of attack, car manufacturers have come up with a range of anti-theft gadgets. However, thieves are always trying to beat these measures.

They've been using devices that transmit at the same frequency as remote keyfobs to intercept signals. The crooks then copy the unlock code of the key fob and start the car with this fake signal.

This method is very popular in the US and Europe where a lot of cars are equipped with wireless technology that allows owners to unlock and start their vehicle with a mobile app on their smartphone. This technology is expected to become more popular as more and more manufacturers attempt to link their vehicles with their owner's smartphones.

It is important that drivers follow the best practices to park their cars. They should not leave the keys in ignition and lock the car when they are not in it. If possible it is also recommended to use a gearstick lock or steering device. It is also recommended to consider installing a tracking device to their vehicle in the event that it is stolen.

Flat Battery

This kind of attack happens more often than most people realize. The thieves make use of cheap devices that extend the signal from your key fob to unlock and start your car even when it's off. Then, they drive the car to the trailer or around a corner, and take it away. It is possible to protect your vehicle from this by installing an interrupter for the starter circuit. Simpler versions have an ON/OFF button that interrupts the circuit. It's about $15 and is simple to install.

Car thieves are always seeking new ways to steal vehicles. Car manufacturers, police and insurance companies are constantly trying to stay abreast of the latest methods and offer more effective anti-theft systems for modern vehicles. But that doesn't stop the thieves who are able be quick to adapt and find ways to get around the most up-to-date anti-theft systems.

A lot of thieves block the signal with a device that uses the same radio frequency as the fob. They put the device in their pocket or in a location close to their vehicle, and it blocks the fob's lock command from reaching the vehicle which leaves the vehicle unlocked. This can be done in a matter of minutes. The device is inexpensive and easily available online.

Hacking the computer system of the car is an alternative option. This is more difficult, but feasible. Hackers have developed devices that plug into the diagnostic port of all vehicles and allow them to access the software. From there, they can program a blank key fob and make it work. It is possible to do this on older cars too, but it's more difficult without removing the ignition.

This method is likely to be more popular if more vehicles are connected with drivers' phones. Once a burglar has access to the username and password to an application for vehicles and is able to unlock or start the vehicle using the application. You can help be safe from these kinds of attacks by not leaving valuables in your car and putting it in a garage or secured parking lot.