How To show Low Voltage Power Line Like A pro > 자유게시판

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1000 feet of the traces, and for the hundreds commuting each day on the NJ TRANSIT North Jersey Coast Line, because of non-stop, ongoing, involuntary exposure to electromagnetic radiation. Their proposed plan requires over one hundred monopoles to be put alongside the practice tracks, approximately 500 ft apart, to help a 230,000 volt power line. But for non-resistive loads, such as AC motors, the common AC power might be calculated by the direct product of present and voltage averaged over a time frame. Another advantage of utilizing resistors and optically coupled isolators is the truth that voltage and present sensing's can't be tampered as within the case of transformers by placing a powerful external magnets in the close proximity as to saturate the transformer cores. Furthermore, the price of resistors and isolators are less as in comparison with that of the transformers. A transformer-less method and system for voltage and current sensing utilizing voltage drops throughout resistors is disclosed. The tactic contains coupling a resistor voltage divider to a high voltage portion of the sensible meter. The primary terminal of a small shunt resistor RS 7 is linked in series with the new line of power line pair 6 which is a excessive voltage portion 100; the opposite energy line 5 is the impartial or ground line.

Using optically coupled isolators, the sensed voltages in the excessive voltage power strains are optically coupled and electrically isolated to the low voltage circuits. The IF LED 9 is biased in the forward conduction region utilizing a voltage source VB 8. This bias situation is set by choosing a present-limiting resistor RD 10 that's equal to the difference of bias voltage source VB 8 and the ahead voltage VF of the IR LED diode divided by the forward present IF of the IR LED diode. This bias situation permits the IR LED diode to operate at a voltage bias condition to maximise the sensitivity of the optically coupled isolator and minimize the present consumption. The battery backup 36 permits the detection of power failure within the smart meter 3. The status of the battery backup 36 is reported within the Status register. F-22 and F-23 error codes point out a failure of the exhaust thermistor, while F-28 and F-29 error codes point out a moisture sensor failure. The sensible meter 3 contains a power provide 35, a battery backup 36, a liquid crystal display or LCD show 37, a RF controller System-on-Chip (SOC) 38, and voltage and present sensors 39. The battery backup 36 supplies a non-interruptible power provide within the occasion of a power failure.

In a second facet, a method of sensing voltage inside a smart meter is disclosed. The system and technique should be easily applied, price efficient and adaptable to current programs. The tactic contains coupling at least one resistor to a excessive voltage portion of the sensible meter. FIG. 5 is an illustration of circuit for voltage sensing transistor in an emitter follower configuration with a load resistor related to the emitter. An optical transistor 12 has a base terminal B that's optically coupled to the IF LED which is a low voltage portion 102. The collector terminal C is linked to the VDD terminal 11. The emitter terminal E is connected to the primary terminal of a resistor RL thirteen in an emitter follower configuration. FIG. 6 is an illustration of circuit for voltage sensing transistor in an open collector configuration with a load resistor linked to the collector. FIG. 6 is an illustration of circuit for voltage sensing transistor in the open collector configuration with a load resistor RL 69. An optical transistor sixty nine has a base terminal B that's optically coupled to the IF LED 66. The emitter terminal E is related to the Vss terminal 71. The collector terminal C is connected to the second terminal of a resistor RL sixty nine in the open collector configuration.

FIG. Four is an illustration of circuit for current sensing for the open collector configuration with a load resistor connected to the collector. FIG. Three is an illustration of circuit design for current sensing transistor in an emitter follower configuration with load resistor linked to the emitter. An optical transistor 57 has a base terminal B that is optically coupled to the IF LED which is a low voltage portion 102. The collector terminal C is connected to the VDD terminal 56. The emitter terminal E is connected to the primary terminal of a resistor RL fifty eight within the emitter follower configuration. FIG. 7 is an illustration of circuit for voltage and current sensing for the emitter follower configuration for a 3-phase power line application. FIG. Three is an illustration of circuit design for a current sensing portion of voltage and present sensors 39 in the smart meter three of FIG. 2 for a single-section energy line system.